I don't think that you have as much a "copyright" issue as a contract problem. I am not a lawyer and can offer no authoritative advice, but here's my quick impression ...
Did your verbal agreement cover ...
1) Number of photographs?
2) Price of photographs?
3) Means by which photographs will be delivered?
4) Limitation of use of these photographs by the photographer (advertisement or promotion of the photographer)?
My wife works for a wedding photographer and they have a multi-page contract that is meticulously written to cover everything from who feeds the photographer at the wedding to how the photographs can be used. I can say that typically ...
1) The photographer retains the rights to publish photographs for promotion of their service. Who would hire a wedding photographer without seeing their previous work?
2) I think that many (most?) photographers provide proofs to customers via some sort of an online service. Each wedding is usually password protected so the random public cannot browse your wedding photos, but that's not always the case. And honestly, let's face it ... 99.9% of people out there don't care about other people's wedding photos, and unless it get's inadvertently returned in a Google search (these types of photo sites are not usually indexed by search engines), nobody's looking for anyone's wedding photos.
My 2¢ is that YOU are crazy. For two reasons...
1) You should NEVER enter into a business agreement with a "friend".
2) You should ALWAYS get some sort of a contract written up so everyone is clear on what to expect.
I have been this type of "crazy" 3 times (once just recently) and gotten screwed EVERY time. Personally, I would take what photo's you can get (this IS your wedding and will hopefully happen only this once), kiss this "friend" and any thoughts of litigation good-bye, and take comfort in the idea that no one else is likely to be interested enough in your wedding photos to look hard enough to find them.
For what it's worth, if your service was held in a church (particularly Catholic), these services are typically open to the public (most people don't realize this). If this applies to you, to suggest that displaying pictures of a public service, publicly, invades your privacy would be something of a contradiction.
Either way I wish you good luck with this. I have been there and understand the exasperation and frustration you must be feeling. The only thing worse will be the absolute sense of helplessness, futility, and exploitation you will feel when you discover there's not a damn thing you can do about it. Keep in mind, LAW is NOT Justice.
Peace,
Gary