Intellectual Property Forum The Intellectual Property Forum

Please login or register.

Login with username, password and session length
Advanced search  

News:

The forum software has been upgraded.  New registrations are not currently permitted while we iron out any bugs and other matters.  Please report any problems you find.

Author Topic: product distribution  (Read 1385 times)

tonyh

  • Newbie
  • *
  • Posts: 2
    • View Profile
product distribution
« on: 03-26-10 at 11:00 am »

11 years ago I started a company selling a software solution to the business industry.
I created the Company split into 3 equal shares, myself, my wife and the software developer. The developer chose not to be a Director of the Company and remained in employed status. We all decided to create a separate partnership that would own the source to the software and give the limited company rights to sell our product.
We never paid royalties to the Partnership and neither did we acually register the partnership, so the source remained the ownership of the 3 indiviuals.
Now we are in a position where by we are in dispute with royalties and the programmer will not hand over the source code, we are still selling the software. Even though we do not have the source code we as part owners of the software can we each do with it what we wish, does anyone have any pointers on this issue?
Logged

JimIvey

  • Forum Moderator
  • Lead Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 5413
    • View Profile
    • IveyLaw -- Turning Caffeine into Patents(sm)
Re: product distribution
« Reply #1 on: 03-26-10 at 11:34 am »

Wow....  A lot of issues, none of which are related to patents.

I see two major areas of issues here.  One is business organizations.  The other is copyright and trade secret (yeah, that's technically two).

You want access to the source code.  That's really a trade secret issue and the question is who owns the trade secret. 

I'd say that's closely related to copyright, but I could be wrong.  Be sure to check out some of the sub-questions in the trade secrets and copyright forums here.

If someone other than the developer owns the copyright, that someone could force the developer to at least not use the copyrighted material (specifically to not replicate it or make derivative works -- couldn't sell or modify the software).

If the developer was really an employee of the corporation (and not merely a contractor employed by the corporation), then the corporation would be the original owner of the copyright.  Even if the corporation decided that someone else (the partnership) should own the copyright, the ownership isn't transfered by mere intention.  You'd need a legal instrument to convey ownership, like an assignment.  Without one of those from the corporation to another entity, the corporation would (in theory at least) still own the copyright.  I believe the corporation would also own the source code as a trade secret and could legally compel the developer to hand it over, but that's getting way beyond what I do.

On the other hand, if the developer was only a contractor employed by the corporation (and not a true employee), the original copyright would be owned by the developer unless transfered by a legal instrument.  It's typical in such contract work for the contract to specify who will own the fruits of the contract work, including copyrights, trade secrets, and source code.  If you had such a contract, it would contain the answers.  If you don't, those things probably belong to the developer.

That doesn't mean you have no recourse.  It just means that I'm not sure what recourse you would have.  If you paid the developer and then were denied the use of the very thing  for which the corporation paid, you'd probably have some recourse under contract law (at least an implied contract, I think).

Lastly, if the developer had been an officer of the corporation, the developer would have had a fiduciary duty to the corporation and self-dealing (i.e., stealing) would violate that duty and you'd probably have grounds for recourse there.

I hope some of that helps.

Regards.
Logged
--
James D. Ivey
Law Offices of James D. Ivey
http://www.iveylaw.com
Friends don't let friends file provisional patent applications.

tonyh

  • Newbie
  • *
  • Posts: 2
    • View Profile
Re: product distribution
« Reply #2 on: 03-27-10 at 06:07 am »

Thank you for your information.

In short - we all agreed we have equal ownership of the source code.

Point one is can any of the owners sell the software in the current form - setting the distribution of the source aside.

The person who was employed by the Company as the programmer is also a share holder in the company but not a Director.

The partnership (ownership) of the source is held by the three of us and a note was put in the Articles of memorandum and association of the limited company stating that it (the company) could sell and develop the software but not own it. No royalty agreement was agreed.

Is there any reason that all the owners could not have the equal right to sell the current product.

Regards

Tony Hales
Logged

JimIvey

  • Forum Moderator
  • Lead Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 5413
    • View Profile
    • IveyLaw -- Turning Caffeine into Patents(sm)
Re: product distribution
« Reply #3 on: 03-28-10 at 01:26 pm »

In short - we all agreed we have equal ownership of the source code.

In writing?  And, what is meant by ownership of the source code?  Ownership of property is the right to exclude others from access to the property.  Was the source code to remain secret?  --> trade secret.  Was the ability to make copies of the software or to amend/improve the software to be limited?  Copyright.  Was the partnership to own all storage media on which the software is physically stored?  Not sure what that is. 

What other rights?

Point one is can any of the owners sell the software in the current form - setting the distribution of the source aside.

What do you mean by "sell"?  Assign all copyrights, trade secrets, etc. in the source code?  License end users for use of the software? 

I don't have answers because I still don't understand who owns what.

The person who was employed by the Company as the programmer is also a share holder in the company but not a Director.

Neither of those roles matter here.  An officer (hired by the board of directors) would have a fiduciary duty to the corporation.  i.e., a duty of faithfulness and loyalty.

The partnership (ownership) of the source is held by the three of us and a note was put in the Articles of memorandum and association of the limited company stating that it (the company) could sell and develop the software but not own it. No royalty agreement was agreed.

Well, that sort of stuff is better done by contract with the partnership rather that put in the Articles.

Is there any reason that all the owners could not have the equal right to sell the current product.

Could be several reasons.

First thing to do is figure out who owns the source code.  Let's stick to copyright for now because that's the one I'm most familiar with.  And, like I said, you'd do well to ask these questions in the Copyright forum and Trade Secret forums.  You also need help with business entities, but that's outside the scope of these forums.

Originally, the copyright is owned by the author -- in this case, the developer.  There are only two ways to get ownership from the author.  One is automatic: if the work is created incident to his employment as a regular employee (and not a contractor), the employer owns the copyright.  The other is assignment by contract.

The fact that the corporation was specifically prohibited from ownership of the developer's work hints that the developer's work in writing the software was not as a regular employee of the corporation.

Then, there's the question as to whether there was a specific contract between the developer and the partnership.

Was the project reasonably completable in less than one year?  If so, it might be possible to enforce an oral contract.  Otherwise, a written contract would be required.

How to sort out whatever sort of contract you might have is well beyond what I do.

Regards.
Logged
--
James D. Ivey
Law Offices of James D. Ivey
http://www.iveylaw.com
Friends don't let friends file provisional patent applications.
 



Footer

www.intelproplaw.com

Terms of Use
Feel free to contact us:
Sorry, spam is killing us.

iKnight Technologies Inc.

www.intelproplaw.com

Page created in 0.08 seconds with 18 queries.